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Effects of dietary 25-hydroxycholecalciferol supplementation on growth performance, blood vitamin D and antioxidant status in nursery pigs |
Chan Ho Kwon1 
, Eva S. Safaie1
, Savannah L. Locke1
, Jannell A. Torres1
, Zhaohui Yang2
, Xi Chen2
, Young Dal Jang1,*
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1University of Georgia, Athens, United States
2Nutribins LLC, Covina, United States |
Correspondence:
Young Dal Jang, Tel: +1-706-542-4098, Fax: +1-706-542-0399, Email: youngdal.jang@uga.edu
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Received: 14 January 2025 • Revised: 8 April 2025 • Accepted: 24 April 2025 |
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| Abstract |
Objective
This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of dietary 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-OHD3) supplementation on growth performance, blood 25-OHD3 level, and antioxidant parameters in nursery pigs.
Methods
A total of 48 newly weaned piglets (5.27 ± 1.42 kg initial body weight) were allotted to 3 treatments in 4 replicates with 4 pigs per pen for a 28-d feeding trial in two phases for d 0-14 (Phase 1) and d 14-28 (Phase 2) postweaning with basal diets without supplemental vitamin D3 (VD3). Treatments were: 1) basal diet + 2,000 IU/kg VD3 supplementation, 2) basal diet + 1,000 IU/kg 25-OHD3 supplementation, and 3) basal diet + 2,000 IU/kg 25-OHD3 supplementation. Growth performance, plasma 25-OHD3 and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, total antioxidant capacity, and superoxide dismutase activity were measured.
Results
There was no significant difference in growth performance among dietary treatments until d 21 postweaning. Dietary 25-OHD3 supplementation increased feed intake (p<0.07) and growth rate (p<0.05) greater than the VD3 treatment in d 21-28 and d 14-28 postweaning, resulting in a greater growth rate in the overall period (p = 0.10). Increasing levels of 25-OHD3 supplementation resulted in greater plasma 25-OHD3 concentrations at d 14 and 28 postweaning (p<0.05), while decreasing plasma MDA levels at d 28 postweaning (p<0.05) with no differences in plasma superoxide dismutase activity and total antioxidant capacity. In the broken-line analysis, the estimated plasma 25-OHD3 concentration for plasma MDA concentration to reach the minimum level was 23.7 ng/mL (p<0.05).
Conclusion
Supplementing 25-OHD3 in nursery diets increased blood vitamin D status and had potential to enhance feed intake and growth rate in the late nursery period, while reducing oxidative stress compared with VD3 supplementation.
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| Keywords:
Antioxidant Status; Growth Performance; Nursery Period; Vitamin D3; Weaning Pigs; 25-hydroxycholecalciferol |
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